Looking at the Gospel of John, Eckhard Shnabel says the term is not very helpful.
Andreas Köstenberger independently agrees, writing that “The Fourth Gospel does therefore not appear to teach the kind of ‘incarnational model’ advocated by Stott and others.”
Schnabel prefers in its place “contexualization” or “inculturation.” Köstenberger says that the best description for John’s teaching on ministry is “representational.”
